Knowing the TYT subjects is the starting point of every candidate's road map for the YKS, Turkey's university entrance exam. For students targeting the 2027 exam, September is the critical month for planning when to study what: if the subject calendar is built early, the final months are left for revision and practice exams. Because TYT covers mainly 9th and 10th grade material, older students and gap-year candidates also have a realistic chance to catch up quickly.
In this guide you will find the TYT subjects for 2027 listed subject by subject, the question breakdown you can expect, and a study calendar running from September to June. The guide follows the current national curriculum; always confirm with the official announcements of ÖSYM, the state body that runs the exam.
What wins TYT is not the difficulty of its topics, but knowing which topic to study when.
Which Subjects Are in TYT and How Many Questions Are There?
TYT (Temel Yeterlilik Testi, the Basic Proficiency Test) is the first session of YKS, taken in a single sitting. The distribution valid for 2026-2027 is:
- Turkish: 40 questions — grammar about 8-10, reading comprehension and meaning-based questions 30+
- Basic Mathematics: 40 questions — basic concepts, word problems, sets, functions, probability and basic geometry
- Social Studies: 20 questions — history 5, geography 5, philosophy 5, religious culture 5
- Science: 20 questions — physics 7, chemistry 7, biology 6
Altogether there are 120 questions and 165 minutes. The two 40-question subjects, Turkish and math, carry the highest weight in nearly every score type, so they always come first in a study plan.
TYT Subject List by Subject (2027)
Turkish: Word meaning, sentence meaning, reading passages (main idea, supporting ideas, structure), word types, sentence elements, verbs, suffixes and word structure, expression errors, punctuation and spelling rules, verbal reasoning.
Math: Basic concepts, place value, divisibility, prime factors, GCD-LCM, rational numbers, simple inequalities, absolute value, exponential and radical expressions, factoring, ratio and proportion, solving equations, word problems (number, fraction, age, work, percentage, profit-loss, mixture, speed), sets, functions, permutations, combinations, probability, statistics; in geometry: angles, triangles, polygons, quadrilaterals, circles and the basics of coordinate geometry.
Social Studies: History (early and medieval eras, Islamic history, the beginnings of the Ottoman state), geography (nature and humans, map reading, climate, settlement), philosophy (what philosophy is, epistemology, ontology, ethics), religious culture (knowledge and belief, worship, morality and values).
Science: Physics (matter and its properties, motion, force, energy, heat and temperature), chemistry (the science of chemistry, the atom, the periodic table, chemical species, states of matter), biology (common features of living things, the cell, classification of living things, cell division).
A TYT Study Calendar from September to June
- September-October: Turkish meaning-based topics + math fundamentals, number systems and an introduction to word problems (math-weighted daily work)
- November-December: Math word problems and functions + Turkish grammar + the first half of the science topics
- January-February: Geometry + the second half of science + all of social studies (verbal subjects concentrate here)
- March-April: Closing remaining topic gaps in all subjects + 2 full TYT practice exams per week
- May-June: Revision, practice exams and the mistake notebook only; the learning phase is closed
Delaying verbal-heavy subjects (social studies, grammar) consciously to the second term — rather than spreading them thin from the start — lets you concentrate on quantitative subjects in the first term; still, keep your school exams and the classroom curriculum flow in mind.
Common Mistakes When Studying TYT Subjects
- Treating the subject list as a race: Rushing through topics to complete the checklist produces "I have heard of it, but I cannot solve it" in practice exams; measurable question practice on every topic is mandatory.
- Not tracking gaps: Without a record of which topics are finished and which are half-done, the plan collapses; a simple checklist is enough.
- Postponing social studies and science completely: Squeezing verbal subjects into the last two months collides with mock-exam pace and causes panic; starting them with a January-February target is safer.
Digitalize Your TYT Subject Tracking with BenimRobot
The most practical way to manage TYT subjects is a system that tests every topic you finish. With BenimRobot's AI question generator you can build level-by-level tests for each completed topic and confirm — with enough correct answers — that you really can call the topic finished. The optical answer-sheet reader turns practice-exam analysis into a topic-by-topic gap list, so in March you ask "which gap is next?" instead of "where do I continue?".
FAQ: TYT Subjects 2027
Has the TYT subject list changed for 2027?
The exam scope is re-announced every year by ÖSYM together with updates to the national curriculum; the list in this guide follows the current MEB program. Before the exam, always check the official ÖSYM guide and sample question booklets. Changes are usually small — the point is to confirm against the official document.
How long does it take to cover all TYT subjects?
A student studying 3-4 hours a day can finish all TYT subjects in 5-7 months. Verbal-heavy subjects like Turkish and social studies progress faster, while math and science need more time because of question practice. Plan to move from new topics to mocks and gap-closing from March onward.
Should I finish TYT topics before starting AYT topics?
Build the TYT core — Turkish and math — first; 12th graders then carry AYT topics in parallel with the school curriculum. A sensible path for numerical-track students: September-December weighted to TYT while following the AYT topic taught in school, then raising AYT weight from January. Loading AYT on a weak TYT foundation leaves both half-done.
Conclusion: TYT Subjects Are Your Map; the Calendar Is Your Compass
TYT subjects are the foundation of 2027 preparation: Turkish and math lead with 40 questions each, while social studies and science balance the picture with 20 each. Adapt the distribution and calendar above to your own situation and build your first weekly plan this September. A student whose map is clear always knows where he is going in every practice exam — and reaches the June 2027 target deliberately.